Are Physicians Permitted to Sell Medicines? Here’s What the Law and Code of Conduct Say The Drugs Act, 2035 (1978) and the Drug Registration Regulations, 2038 (1981) stipulate that medicines cannot be sold or distributed without proper registration, certification, and the availability of necessary human resources and infrastructure. Patients visit physicians for medical treatment. The physician examines the patient, diagnoses the illness, and prescribes the necessary medication; the patient then proceeds to a pharmacy to purchase it. However, in some instances, medicines are provided to patients directly from the physician’s own clinic or health institution. This gives rise to a significant question: are physicians permitted to sell medicines? This issue extends beyond a mere matter of professional jurisdiction between physicians and pharmacists. It encompasses concerns regarding the safe use of medicines, a patient’s right to choose , conflicts of interest , the pricing and quali...
What happens in the body when we laugh out loud Laughter is an integral and natural part of human life, which gives us joy, excitement and lightness. It is not only an emotional expression, but it also has a profound effect on our physical, mental and social health. Various studies have shown that laughing out loud activates various biological and psychological processes in our body, which in turn benefits our overall health. What changes occur in the body when we laugh out loud? What are their scientific bases and what are the effects they have on our lives? 1. Release of chemicals in the brain When we laugh out loud, our brain releases various chemicals (neurotransmitters), which improve our mood. Chemicals such as dopamine, serotonin and endorphins increase during laughter. Dopamine gives us a feeling of pleasure and happiness, serotonin reduces stress and stabilizes mood, while endorphins act as natural painkillers. According to a study by the Mayo Clinic, laughter helps reduc...